Hi friends, I’m Dr Praveen Kammar, cancer surgeon specializing in digestive system and gynecological cancers. In this video, I’ll explain the stages of colon cancer. It’s a crucial topic, and I’ve covered other aspects of colon cancer in my playlist linked at the end of the video.
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Video Flow:
0:00 Intro
0:33 What defines Stage 1
0:46 Tumor limited to submucosa and muscularis propria
1:14 T1 vs T2 tumors explained
1:23 Why Stage 1 has no lymph node spread
1:28 Stage 2: Tumor invades deeper layers
1:41 T3 and T4 classification
2:06 When tumor touches other organs or serosa
2:18 Stage 3: Lymph node involvement
2:35 Stage 4: Distant organ spread explained
2:56 Common metastasis sites in Stage 4
3:02 How staging is diagnosed before treatment
3:14 Role of CT scan and PET scan
3:30 Evaluating wall invasion and lymph nodes
3:40 Limitations of scan accuracy
3:49 Risk of actual stage being different from assumed
4:11 Importance of staging in treatment
4:18 Stage-wise treatment breakdown
4:38 Stage 4 treatment decisions
4:54 Conclusion
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Colon Cancer में कितने Stages होते हैं? | Colon Cancer Explained by Cancer Surgeon! | Dr Praveen
How Many Stages Does Colon Cancer Have?
Colon cancer is divided into four main stages — from Stage 1 to Stage 4. In Stage 1, the tumor remains limited to the inner layers of the colon wall. It hasn’t spread to the lymph nodes. At this point, the cancer invades the submucosa or the muscularis propria — the muscle layer that pushes food forward through the colon.
Stage 1 Tumor Classification
When the tumor is confined to the submucosa, we call it a T1 tumor. If it grows deeper and reaches the muscular layer, it’s labeled T2. In both T1 and T2 cases, there is no lymph node involvement, which keeps the diagnosis in Stage 1.
Stage 2 Tumors: Deeper Invasion Without Node Spread
In Stage 2, cancer still hasn’t spread to the lymph nodes, but it goes beyond the muscular layer. It may reach the connective tissues outside the muscle or even touch the serosal layer, which is the outermost layer of the colon wall.
Stage 3 Tumors: Lymph Node Involvement Begins
Once the tumor starts spreading to the lymph nodes, we label it Stage 3 — no matter how deep the primary tumor has grown. If cancer cells are found in the lymph nodes near the colon, it automatically moves into this category.
Stage 4 Tumors: Distant Metastasis
Stage 4 is when colon cancer spreads beyond the colon and nearby lymph nodes. It may reach the liver, lungs, bones, brain, or peritoneum. The liver is the most common site for such metastasis.
How Do We Identify the Stage Before Treatment?
Before treatment, we perform diagnostic tests like a CT scan or a PET scan. These help us evaluate whether cancer has reached distant organs. For example, if the liver and lungs appear unaffected, we can usually rule out Stage 4. These scans also show how deeply the tumor has invaded the colon wall and if lymph nodes are affected.
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Related Videos:
1. Stage 4 Colon Cancer में पेट में पानी क्यों भरता है? | Colon Cancer & Ascites! | Dr Praveen Kammar
• Stage 4 Colon Cancer में पेट में पानी क्यो...
2. Colon Cancer में की जाने वाली Surgery: Right Hemicolectomy | Procedure & Recovery | Dr Praveen
• Colon Cancer में की जाने वाली Surgery: Rig...
3. Stage 2 Colon Cancer Treatment: जानिए पूरा Procedure! | Early Detection and Treatment | Dr Praveen
• Stage 2 Colon Cancer Treatment: जानिए पूरा...
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About Dr. Praveen Kammar
Dr Praveen Kammar is a surgical oncologist practising in the city of Mumbai.
He completed his MCh course in surgical oncology from the reputed Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, one of the premier cancer care centres in the country. He also holds a fellowship in Colorectal surgery from Yopnsei cancer centre, Seoul, South Korea. Dr Praveen’s main area of focus is colorectal and GI oncology, Gynecological cancers, minimal access surgeries for abdominal and thoracic malignancies, transanal surgeries, and sphincter-saving surgeries for rectal cancer, cytoreductive surgeries, and HIPEC for advanced abdominal cancers.
#ColonCancer #ColonCancerStages #ColonCancerExplained #CancerStaging #Cancer #DrPraveenKammar
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