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Function Of Roots In Plants (Lecture 4) In Hindi/Urdu.

The roots of plants serve several important functions. Here are the key functions of roots in plants:

1. Anchorage and Support:
Roots anchor the plant firmly in the soil, providing structural support and stability.
The root system, especially the tap root and lateral roots, helps prevent the plant from being uprooted by wind, water, or other forces.

2. Water and Nutrient Absorption:
Roots are the primary site for the uptake of water and dissolved mineral nutrients from the soil.
Root hairs greatly increase the surface area for absorption of these essential resources.
The vascular tissues in the root transport the absorbed water and nutrients to the rest of the plant.

3. Storage:
Roots can serve as storage organs, accumulating carbohydrates, proteins, and other nutrients.
Examples include the storage roots of plants like carrots, beets, and sweet potatoes.
The stored reserves can be mobilized to support plant growth and development.

4. Vegetative Reproduction:
Many plants can propagate vegetatively through adventitious roots that develop on stems or leaves.
These roots allow the plant to form new individuals from vegetative parts.
Examples include strawberry runners and the rooting of stem cuttings.

5. Symbiotic Relationships:
Roots engage in beneficial symbiotic relationships, such as with mycorrhizal fungi.
These associations improve the plant's ability to absorb water and nutrients from the soil.
Roots of legumes also host nitrogen-fixing bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen into usable forms.

6. Tropisms and Responses:
Roots exhibit positive geotropism, growing downward in response to gravity.
Roots can also respond to other stimuli like water, nutrients, and touch through various tropisms.
These responses allow the root system to efficiently explore and exploit the soil environment.

Overall, the roots perform essential functions that support the growth, development, and survival of the entire plant.

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