Скачать или смотреть 49 - How to open a file in Python

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Python too supports file handling and allows users to handle files i.e., to read and write files, along with many other file handling options, to operate on files. The concept of file handling has stretched over various other languages, but the implementation is either complicated or lengthy, but like other concepts of Python, this concept here is also easy and short. Python treats files differently as text or binary and this is important. Each line of code includes a sequence of characters and they form a text file. Each line of a file is terminated with a special character, called the EOL or End of Line characters like comma {,} or newline character. It ends the current line and tells the interpreter a new one has begun. Let’s start with the reading and writing files

r: open an existing file for a read operation.
w: open an existing file for a write operation. If the file already contains some data then it will be overridden.
a: open an existing file for append operation. It won’t override existing data.
r+: To read and write data into the file. The previous data in the file will be overridden.
w+: To write and read data. It will override existing data.
a+: To append and read data from the file. It won’t override existing data.

The data can be in the form of files such as text, csv, and binary files. To extract data from these files, Python comes with built-in functions to open a file and then read and write the file’s contents.

Find the path of a file
We can open a file using both relative path and absolute path. The path is the location of the file on the disk.
An absolute path contains the complete directory list required to locate the file.
A relative path contains the current directory and then the file name.

Decide the access mode
The access mode specifies the operation you wanted to perform on the file, such as reading or writing. To open and read a file, use the r access mode. To open a file for writing, use the w mode.