dynamic method dispatch in java javatpoint

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dynamic method dispatch in java

dynamic method dispatch is a mechanism by which a call to an overridden method is resolved at runtime rather than at compile time. this feature is part of java's runtime polymorphism and is achieved through method overriding. it allows java to support late binding, meaning the method that gets executed is determined at runtime based on the object being referred to, rather than the reference type.

key concepts

1. **method overriding**: a subclass provides a specific implementation of a method that is already defined in its superclass.

2. **reference type vs. object type**: the reference type determines which methods can be called, while the object type determines which version of the overridden method will be executed.

3. **run-time polymorphism**: this allows java to choose the appropriate method to invoke at runtime.

code example

let's illustrate dynamic method dispatch with a simple example involving a superclass and two subclasses.



explanation

1. **animal class**: this is the superclass with a method `sound()` that is overridden by subclasses.

2. **dog and cat classes**: these are subclasses of `animal`. each class provides its own implementation of the `sound()` method.

3. **dynamic method dispatch in action**:
we declare a reference of type `animal` but do not instantiate it.
we create a `dog` object and assign it to the `animal` reference. when we call `sound()`, it executes the `dog`'s version of the method.
we then assign a `cat` object to the same reference. when we call `sound()`, it executes the `cat`'s version.
the output shows the respective sounds based on the actual object type at runtime.

advantages of dynamic method dispatch

1. **flexibility**: you can choose which method to execute based on the object type at runtime.
2. **code reusability**: you can write more general code using superclass references while still utilizing specific behaviors of subclasses.
3. **improved main ...

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