Скачать или смотреть Simple trick to find magnetic moment 🌚but not used for lanthenides and actinides.

For lanthenides and actinide we use different formula remember this it is very important 🙏🏻 According to the valence bond (VB) theory, the magnetic moment of a molecule can be calculated using the following steps:


Step 1: Determine the Number of Unpaired Electrons
Count the number of unpaired electrons in the molecule. This can be done by drawing the Lewis structure and identifying the electrons that are not paired.


Step 2: Calculate the Spin-Only Magnetic Moment
Use the formula:


μ = √(n(n+2)) μB


Where:


μ is the magnetic moment
n is the number of unpaired electrons
μB is the Bohr magneton (approximately 9.274 x 10⁻²⁴ J/T)

Step 3: Consider the Orbital Contribution (Optional)
If the molecule has a significant orbital contribution to the magnetic moment, you may need to include this in your calculation. However, this is often neglected in simple VB calculations.


Example
Suppose we want to calculate the magnetic moment of the NO molecule.


1. Determine the number of unpaired electrons: 1 (from the Lewis structure)
2. Calculate the spin-only magnetic moment: μ = √(1(1+2)) μB ≈ 1.73 μB

Therefore, the magnetic moment of the NO molecule is approximately 1.73 μB.


Note: This is a simplified calculation and does not take into account other factors that may influence the magnetic moment, such as spin-orbit coupling.