Скачать или смотреть History for Ssc cgl,chsl,mts |Part 6| Ancient India: Early Medieval Period

The Early Medieval Period in India, roughly spanning from the 6th to the 12th century CE, was marked by significant political, social, and cultural developments. Here's a detailed overview:

1. Tripartite Struggle:

Participants: Rashtrakutas, Pratiharas, and Palas were three major dynasties involved in conflicts over control of northern India.
Outcome: The constant warfare weakened these dynasties, paving the way for regional rulers.
2. Chola Dynasty (9th to 13th century):

Rajaraja Chola I: Notable for constructing the Brihadeshwara Temple in Thanjavur.
Rajendra Chola I: Extended Chola territories through successful naval expeditions, reaching Southeast Asia.
Trade and Economy: Flourished due to active trade in the Indian Ocean region.
3. Pratihara Dynasty (8th to 11th century):

Harsha: A notable ruler, known for his efforts to unify northern India. His reign is described in the biography "Harshacharita" by Banabhatta.
4. Rashtrakuta Dynasty (8th to 10th century):

Dantidurga: Founded the Rashtrakuta Dynasty.
Amoghavarsha I: A notable ruler known for his patronage of art and literature.
Kailasanatha Temple: Built by King Krishna I at Ellora, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
5. Pala Dynasty (8th to 12th century):

Dharmapala: Extended Pala rule in Bengal and Bihar.
Nalanda University: Flourished under Pala patronage, attracting scholars from various parts of the world.
6. Delhi Sultanate (13th to 16th century):

Qutb-ud-din Aibak: Established the Delhi Sultanate after the Battle of Tarain.
Iltutmish: Consolidated the Delhi Sultanate and introduced the Silver Tanka as a standardized currency.
Alauddin Khalji: Known for military conquests and economic reforms like the market control system.
Muhammad bin Tughlaq: Attempted to shift the capital to Daulatabad and introduced the token currency.
7. Bhakti Movement:

Sant Kabir: A prominent figure in the Bhakti movement, emphasizing devotion to a personal god.
Sant Ravidas: Another influential Bhakti saint.
Sant Jnaneshwar: A Marathi saint known for his commentary on the Bhagavad Gita.
8. Vijayanagara Empire (1336 to 1646):

Founders: Harihara I and Bukka Raya I.
Krishnadevaraya: A celebrated ruler known for his patronage of arts and literature.
Hampi: The capital of the Vijayanagara Empire, renowned for its architectural grandeur.
9. Rajputs:

Clans: Rajput clans such as the Chauhans, Rathores, and Sisodias played significant roles in North Indian politics.
Prithviraj Chauhan: A notable Rajput ruler known for his resistance against Ghurid invasions.
10. Social and Cultural Developments:
Literature: Development of regional languages and literature.
Architecture: Growth of regional architectural styles.

This period witnessed the ebb and flow of various dynasties, regional kingdoms, and cultural movements, shaping the diverse tapestry of medieval India. The decline of the Delhi Sultanate and the rise of regional kingdoms set the stage for the subsequent Mughal Empire.

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