Top 5 Ice Ages & Ice Age Causes Through Earth History | GEO GIRL

In this video, I go over the most widespread ice ages in Earth's history and what causes ice ages like these! This includes, the Huronian snowball earth event around 2.4 billion yrs ago, the Cryogenian (Sturtian & Marinoan) snowball earth events around 700 to 600 million yrs ago, the end Ordovician glaciation around 450 million yrs ago, the Carboniferous ice age around 360 to 260 million yrs ago, and the current Quaternary ice age (2.6 million yrs ago to present).
Hope you enjoy! ;)

References:
Earth System History: https://amzn.to/3v1Iy0G
Hoffman et al., 1998: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.281.5...
Lisiecki & Raymo, 2005: https://doi.org/10.1029/2004PA001071
Zachos et al., 2008: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06588
Berger, 1978: https://doi.org/10.1016/0033-5894(78)...
Crowley & Hyde, 2008: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07365
Hays et al., 1976: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.194.4...
Masson-Delmotte et al., 2013: https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploa...
Stocker et al., 2013: https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploa...
Crowley & Hyde, 2008: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07365
Kiehl & Shields, 2013: https://doi.org/10.1130/G33756.1
Kump, 2008: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06587
Lenton & Watson, 2011: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1009391108
Miller et al., 2012: https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2012.51
Shakun et al., 2012: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10915
Toggweiler et al., 2006: https://doi.org/10.1029/2005PA001154
Zahirovic et al., 2014: https://doi.org/10.5194/se-5-227-2014

GEO GIRL Website: https://www.geogirlscience.com/ (visit my website to see all my courses, shop merch, learn more about me, & donate to support the channel if you'd like!)

0:00 What is an ice age?
0:42 Top 5 ice ages in Earth’s history
2:39 Top 5 ice age causes
5:35 Snowball Earth causes
7:13 Ordovician ice age causes
9:13 Carboniferous-Permian ice age causes
10:31 Modern ice age causes
11:59 From Earth-bound to astronomical causes
13:12 Common causes for all ice ages & related videos!

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