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In this video we discussed about Kirchhoff's Laws are two fundamental rules for analyzing electrical circuits: Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL), stating current entering a junction equals current leaving (conservation of charge), and Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL), stating the sum of voltage rises and drops in any closed loop is zero (conservation of energy). These laws help determine currents and voltages in complex circuits by applying the principles of charge and energy conservation. These laws allow engineers to set up a system of equations to solve for unknown currents and voltages in complex circuits, making them essential tools for circuit analysis and design. Kirchhoff's Laws (KCL & KVL) work best for low-frequency DC/AC circuits with lumped elements, but fail with high frequencies (microwaves, transmission lines) or significant time-varying magnetic fields, where induced EMFs (Faraday's Law) and radiation effects become dominant, effectively treating wires as transmission lines and requiring Maxwell's Equations for accurate analysis.