Скачать или смотреть Fasciolosis or liver fluck ,Etiology, clinical signs treatment & control

#Fasciolosis (liver fluke disease)

#Etiology
Fasciola hepatica and, in warmer climates, F. gigantica

#Epidemiology
Infection by ingestion of metacercariae on herbage; geographic distribution, seasonality, and disease risk determined by occurrence of #intermediate hosts (lymnaeid #mud snails)

#Signs

•Acute syndrome (sheep):

☆Sudden death

•Chronic syndrome (sheep and cattle):

☆Weight loss
☆reduced milk yield
☆submandibular edema
☆Dullness
☆Weakness
☆Lack of appetite
☆bottle jaw
☆Pallor and edema of mucosae and
conjunctivae

#Lesions

•Acute syndrome:

☆Pale friable liver with parasitic tracts and hemorrhage

•Chronic syndrome:

☆Fibrous liver, bile ducts grossly distended and thickened

#Treatment

☆Triclabendazole
☆closantel
☆nitroxynil,
☆oxyclozanide
☆albendazole

#Note (Not all are equally effective against all stages of fluke development)

#Control

•Avoidance or drainage of snail habitats

•Strategic anthelmintic dosing programs
#Liverfluck#fasciolosis