Скачать или смотреть | To study the morphology of flowering plant | Family Liliaceae | Angiospermic plant study |

Family: Liliaceae

lily family
Lilies are perennial herbs that grow from rhizomes or bulbs. The leaves be confined to the base of the plant, or they may be borne on a stem and then are alternate, opposite, or whorled. The leaves are undivided and longer than wide, with parallel veins. The flowers may be solitary, paired, or arrayed in inflorescences. The flowers have both pollen-bearing and ovule-bearing parts in multiples of 3. They are typically showy and consist of 6 similarly colored tepals in 2 whorls of 3. The tepals may or may not be fused at the base and attach below the ovary (i.e., the ovary is superior). There are usually 6 stamens. A single style is sometimes split into three branches. The fruit may be a dry capsule with a membranous or leathery exterior, or a fleshy berry. Many species formerly considered to belong in the Liliaceae family are now placed in other families. These families include the Agavaceae, Alliaceae, Asparagaceae, Colchicaceae, Hemerocallidaceae, Hostaceae, Hyacinthaceae, Hypoxidaceae, Melanthiaceae, Nartheciaceae, Ruscaceae, Smilacaceae, and Tofieldiaceae.
The taxonomy of Liliaceae has had a complex history since the first description of this flowering plant family in the mid-eighteenth century. Originally, the Liliaceae or Lily family were defined as having a "calix" (perianth) of six equal-coloured parts, six stamens, a single style, and a superior, three-chambered (trilocular) ovary turning into a capsule fruit at maturity. The taxonomic circumscription of the family Liliaceae progressively expanded until it became the largest plant family and also extremely diverse, being somewhat arbitrarily defined as all species of plants with six tepals and a superior ovary. It eventually came to encompass about 300 genera and 4,500 species, and was thus a "catch-all" and hence paraphyletic taxon. Only since the more modern taxonomic systems developed by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) and based on phylogenetic principles, has it been possible to identify the many separate taxonomic groupings within the original family and redistribute them, leaving a relatively small core as the modern family Liliaceae, with fifteen genera and 600 species.