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Difference between international safety management system and integrated safety management system onboard ships.
The International Safety Management (ISM) Code and Integrated Safety Management (ISM) System are both frameworks designed to enhance safety and environmental protection onboard ships, but they differ in scope, focus, and implementation. Here's a breakdown of their differences:
1. International Safety Management (ISM) Code
• Purpose: The ISM Code is a mandatory international standard established by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) under SOLAS (Safety of Life at Sea) Chapter IX. Its primary goal is to ensure safety at sea, prevent human injury or loss of life, and avoid damage to the environment, particularly the marine environment.
• Scope: It focuses on the safe management and operation of ships, including pollution prevention.
• Key Elements:
o Establishes a Safety Management System (SMS) for shipping companies and ships.
o Requires companies to develop policies, procedures, and plans to ensure safe operations.
o Emphasizes compliance with international regulations and standards.
o Mandates certification (Document of Compliance for companies and Safety Management Certificate for ships).
o Focuses on risk management, emergency preparedness, and continuous improvement.
• Implementation: It is a regulatory requirement for all commercial ships over a certain size (500 GT and above).
2. Integrated Safety Management (ISM) System
• Purpose: The Integrated Safety Management System is a broader, more holistic approach to safety that integrates various safety-related functions and systems onboard ships. It goes beyond the ISM Code to include additional safety, health, and environmental aspects.
• Scope: It encompasses not only the ISM Code requirements but also integrates other safety-related systems, such as:
o Occupational health and safety (e.g., crew welfare, working conditions).
o Environmental management (e.g., waste management, emissions control).
o Quality management (e.g., operational efficiency, customer satisfaction).
o Security management (e.g., ISPS Code compliance).
• Key Elements:
o Combines multiple management systems (safety, quality, environment, security) into a single, unified framework.
o Promotes a culture of safety and continuous improvement across all levels of the organization.
o Encourages collaboration between departments and stakeholders to address safety and operational challenges.
o Often aligned with international standards like ISO 45001 (Occupational Health and Safety) and ISO 14001 (Environmental Management).
Why Was ISMS Considered?
The development of ISMS was not mandated by law but rather driven by practical needs and industry challenges. Several factors contributed to its evolution:
1. Despite the ISM Code’s implementation, several high-profile maritime disasters exposed safety weaknesses.
2. ISMS integrates the ISM Code with ISO 9001 (Quality), ISO 14001 (Environmental), and ISO 45001 (Occupational Health & Safety) to create a streamlined, efficiency-driven safety culture.
3. ISMS incorporates ISO 31000 (Risk Management) principles to shift from a reactive to a proactive safety culture.
4. Increasing Industry Demand for Operational Efficiency