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Learn how to effectively create an object in Python that combines methods from sibling classes using inheritance and abstraction.
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/69282722/ asked by the user 'NMme' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/16079543/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/69284492/ provided by the user 'quamrana' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/4834/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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Creating a New Object with a Combined Method in Python

When dealing with object-oriented programming in Python, inheritance and method composition can lead to complex designs. One common challenge is how to create a new object that effectively combines methods from a dynamic number of instantiated sibling classes. This blog will provide clarity on how to structure such a solution using abstract classes and composition in Python.

Problem Overview

Imagine you have an abstract base class and a few child classes that implement a method called evaluate(). You want to create another class that can utilize the evaluate() methods from several of these child classes, combining their functionalities into a single object. This may seem straightforward, but it can get tricky when trying to maintain clarity and efficiency in your code.

Initial Setup

We start with an abstract base class, MyBaseClass, along with two child classes, ChildClass1 and ChildClass2, defined as follows:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Objective

Our goal is to create a new class, let's call it Composite, that can take a list of existing objects (instances of ChildClass1 and ChildClass2) and compute a new evaluate() method that combines the results of the individual evaluations.

Solution Breakdown

Step 1: Refactor Base Class Design

Abstract Base Class: The design is improved by separating the base class for evaluation logic from the class handling the parameter x. The class hierarchy would look like this:

MyBaseClass: Base class for evaluation, holding self.y

ChildBase: Intermediate class handling common properties like self.x

Composite: Class that combines the results from sibling classes

Here's how the classes are structured more appropriately:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 2: Create Instances of Child Classes

Next, we instantiate our child classes and store them in a list:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Step 3: Combine the Objects into a Composite Class

With the instances created, we can now use the Composite class to evaluate combined results:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Final Thoughts

This refactored approach improves the design by clearly segregating responsibilities among classes. It ensures that the Composite class can dynamically incorporate and combine the evaluation results from any number of sibling class instances, making your code more scalable and easier to maintain.

Always assess the structure of your classes.

Consider the relationships and responsibilities of each class.

Keep an eye on mutability and state management of class attributes.

By following these principles, you can develop an efficient architecture to handle complex object-oriented scenarios in Python.