Скачать или смотреть PACKAGES IN JAVA | OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING | SNS INSTITUTIONS

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In Java, a package is a mechanism for organizing related classes, interfaces, enumerations, and annotation types into a single namespace. Packages serve several key purposes:
Namespace Management and Avoiding Naming Conflicts: Packages create distinct namespaces, allowing classes with the same name to exist in different packages without conflict. For example, you could have a List class in java.util and another List class in a custom package.
Access Protection: Packages provide a level of access control. Members (fields, methods) can be declared with package-private (default), protected, or public access modifiers, controlling visibility within and outside the package.
Code Organization and Modularity: Packages help structure large projects by grouping related types together, making code easier to navigate, understand, and maintain. This promotes modularity and reusability.
Types of Packages:
Built-in Packages: These are the standard packages provided with the Java Development Kit (JDK), such as:
java.lang: Contains fundamental classes like Object, String, System, and wrapper classes for primitive types. This package is automatically imported.
java.util: Provides utility classes like Scanner, ArrayList, HashMap, and Date.
java.io: Handles input and output operations.
java.net: Facilitates network programming.
javax.swing and java.awt: Used for graphical user interface (GUI) development.
User-defined Packages: Developers can create their own packages to organize their application's code.