Femoral Artery Anatomy Animation: Origin , Course , Branches and Termination - USMLE Step 1

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Femoral artery Anatomy : Origin , Course , Branches and Termination

Origin
• continuation of the external iliac artery

Course
• Begins behind the inguinal ligament at the midinguinal point
• Travels through the femoral triangle and the adductor canal (anterior thigh)
• Enters the posterior compartment of the thigh through the adductor hiatus where it continues as the popliteal artery

Branches

Superficial branches

supplies the subcutaneous tissue of the lower abdomen and perineal region
• Superficial epigastric artery
• Superficial circumflex iliac artery
• Superficial external pudendal artery

Deep branches

• Profunda femoris artery
• Main branch of the femoral artery and the main artery of the thigh
• Named branches: medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries that supply the head and neck of femur

Clinical significance

• becomes the main collateral in femoropopliteal disease
• Deep external pudendal artery: supplies the skin of the perineum

• Supplies: all compartments of the thigh

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