Скачать или смотреть How to Target All .NET Versions of .NET 5 or Higher in MSBuild Conditions

Learn how to set up your MSBuild conditions to target all versions of .NET 5 and above, enabling efficient multi-framework application building.
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Understanding Multi-Framework Applications in .NET

In today's fast-paced software development landscape, building applications that support multiple frameworks is increasingly common. A typical use case arises when you're working on a project that targets multiple frameworks, such as .NET 6.0 and .NET Framework 4.7.2. However, you might encounter challenges when specifying conditions for MSBuild, particularly when targeting newer versions or needing flexibility for future updates. This guide will guide you through setting up your MSBuild project for this purpose effectively.

The Problem

When configuring your project file to handle different target frameworks, you may want to set conditions that respond dynamically to the version of .NET being used. For instance, say you’re trying to target both .NET 6.0 and .NET Framework 4.7.2. You might approach it like this:

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Here, conditions look something like:

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However, this method can fall short as newer versions such as .NET 8 (or higher) come into play. You wouldn’t want to hardcode these values since frameworks keep evolving. The challenge arises in how to automate these checks for all versions of .NET 5 and above without overly complicating your code or excluding capabilities like .NET Core or .NET Framework 4.7.2.

The Solution: MSBuild Configuration

Fortunately, there is an effective solution for targeting all versions from .NET 5 upwards without impacting your existing setup.

Step 1: Utilize MSBuild Properties

One approach is to define a property for your target frameworks in a PropertyGroup, allowing for a cleaner check against the framework version. Here's how you can do it:

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In this configuration:

IsUnifiedNETVersion is a property that checks if the target framework version is greater than or equal to 6.0.

MessageText stores messages to indicate which framework version is active.

Step 2: Implement a Target to Display Messages

Once you’ve set up the properties, define a target to output the results of these checks after the build process.

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This Target will execute after your build process, ensuring that you receive feedback consistent with your specified conditions regarding the framework versions in use.

Key Points to Remember

Flexibility: By leveraging properties and conditions, your project file becomes much more maintainable and adaptable to future changes in the framework’s versioning.

Scalability: As .NET evolves with higher versions, this approach prevents the need for frequent updates to hardcoded values.

Clarity: Keeping conditions organized within property groups and targets improves code readability, making it easier for others to understand your configurations.

Conclusion

Configuring MSBuild conditions for multiple target frameworks doesn't need to be a cumbersome task filled with hard-coded values. By utilizing properties and clean conditions, you can successfully target all versions of .NET 5 and above, ensuring your project remains dynamic and adaptable as new framework versions are released.

This not only saves time in the long run but also enhances the overall maintainability of your code. Happy coding!