Скачать или смотреть History for Kids: Inca Civilization (English)

Meeoow! Hello, kids! I’m Pudding, the orange cat! Let's dive into the fascinating world of the Inca Civilization. Imagine a world high up in the Andes mountains of South America, where the air is thin, the landscapes are dramatic, and ancient secrets lie waiting to be uncovered. This is where the story of the Inca Civilization begins, a tale of innovation, courage, and awe-inspiring achievements.

Humble Beginnings:
The Incas started as a small tribe in the early 13th century in what is now Peru. Their first leader, Manco Cápac, is a legendary figure who, according to myth, was sent by the sun god Inti to establish a great civilization. The Incas believed they were chosen people, destined for greatness.

Building an Empire:
As the Incas grew in strength, they began to expand their territory. Their most famous leader, Pachacuti Inca Yupanqui, took the throne in 1438 and transformed the Inca state into a sprawling empire. Pachacuti was a brilliant strategist and warrior who led his people to conquer nearby tribes, building alliances and integrating conquered peoples into the empire.
Under Pachacuti's rule, the Incas built their capital, Cusco, which became the heart of their empire. Cusco was not just a city but a masterpiece of urban planning, with temples, plazas, and palaces that showcased the Incas' advanced architectural skills.

Life in the Inca Empire:
The Inca Empire was known as Tawantinsuyu, which means "Land of the Four Quarters." It was divided into four regions, each governed by officials who reported directly to the emperor, known as the Sapa Inca. The Sapa Inca was considered a living god, and his word was law.

Society and Culture:
Agriculture: The Incas were incredible farmers. They built terraces on the mountainsides to grow crops like potatoes, maize, and quinoa. These terraces prevented soil erosion and made farming possible in the steep, rugged terrain.
Architecture: The Incas were master builders. They constructed impressive structures using precisely cut stones that fit together without mortar. Machu Picchu, a royal estate or religious site, is a testament to their architectural genius.
Roads and Communication: The Incas built an extensive network of roads, stretching over 24000 miles. They used these roads to communicate across the vast empire. Runners, known as chasquis, relayed messages using a system of knotted strings called quipus to record information.
Religion: Religion played a central role in Inca life. They worshipped many gods, but the sun god Inti was the most important. Temples dedicated to Inti, such as the Coricancha in Cusco, were adorned with gold to reflect the sun's rays.

Daily Life:
The Inca people lived in small communities called ayllus, which functioned like extended family units. Each ayllu worked together to farm, build, and take care of each other.
Education was reserved for the nobility. Young nobles attended special schools where they learned about religion, history, and military strategy.
The Incas did not have a written language. Instead, they relied on oral traditions and the quipu system for communication and record-keeping.

The Fall of the Inca Empire:
The mighty Inca Empire faced its greatest challenge in the 16th century. In 1532, Spanish conquerors led by Francisco Pizarro arrived in South America. Armed with advanced weapons and accompanied by horses, the Spanish forces were unlike anything the Incas had ever seen.
The Spanish exploited internal conflicts within the Inca Empire, particularly a civil war between the brothers Atahualpa and Huáscar, who were fighting for the throne. Pizarro captured Atahualpa and held him for ransom. Despite receiving a room filled with gold and silver, the Spanish executed Atahualpa, leading to the collapse of the Inca resistance.
By 1572, the last Inca stronghold fell, and the once-great empire was no more. However, the legacy of the Incas lives on in the people of the Andes, who continue to celebrate their rich heritage and traditions.

The Legacy of the Incas:
Today, the ruins of Inca cities and temples, like Machu Picchu and the sacred city of Cusco, attract visitors from around the world. Their innovative agricultural techniques, road systems, and architectural marvels continue to inspire awe and admiration.
The story of the Inca civilization is a testament to human ingenuity and resilience. It reminds us that even in the face of great challenges, remarkable achievements are possible.

And there you have it — a journey through the fascinating world of the Inca Civilization! I hope you enjoyed our adventure and learned something new! Thanks for watching! Don't forget to like and subscribe for more awesome history videos, every tuesday and thursday! Share this video with your friends and let them know what you found most interesting about the Inca Civilization!