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Std 6 S S | Ch 10 Spheres of the Earth | Vikas Social Science Workbook Solution | English Medium | Sem 1

Ch 10 Spheres of the Earth
In this chapter Students will learn,

1. Will knows the modern form of the earth.
2. Will know about the existence of the spheres of the earth.
3. Will knows the importance of lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere.

The earth is a member of the solar family. In the solar system the requirements like necessary temperature, air and water for living organisms are available only on the earth.

There are four main spheres on the earth:
(1) Lithosphere,
(2) Hydrosphere,
(3) Atmosphere
(4) Biosphere.

The land area on the surface of the earth is called 'Lithosphere'. It occupies about 29% of the surface of the earth. It includes landforms like mountains, plateaus, plains, valleys, etc.

As we go deeper in the interior of the earth, the temperature increases.

Due to the intense heat in the interior of the earth, rocks are melted. This molten liquid of rocks is called 'Magma'.

The Lithosphere is useful in many ways. It is the home of mankind. It provides land for human residences, material for building residences, drinking water, land for agriculture and forests and necessary minerals for industries.

The area occupied by water on the surface of the earth is called 'Hydrosphere'. It includes oceans, seas, bays, gulfs, lakes, ponds, rivers, etc. It occupies about 71% of the surface of the earth.

Fresh water is a gift of the hydrosphere. Living organisms cannot survive without water.

Rain is the main source of potable water and moisture (humidity) for the rain comes from the oceans.

We get fish, salt, chemicals, minerals from the seas.

Most of the foreign trade of the world is carried out via oceanic routes known as waterways.

The sphere of various gases extending up to approximately 850 to 1000 km above the surface of the earth is called 'Atmosphere'.

Nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide. ozone, hydrogen, etc. are major gases in the atmosphere. There is about 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen and 1% other gases in the atmosphere. Dust particles, saline contents. water vapour, etc. are also mixed with them in the atmosphere.

As we go up from the surface of the earth into the atmosphere, the amount of gases decreases.

The ozone gas, which is scanty in proportion in the atmosphere, absorbs the ultra-violet sunrays and protects us from their harmful effects.

The dust particles in the atmosphere spread sunlight in all directions.

We can hear any sound only due to atmosphere. Radio and television trans- missions are possible due to atmosphere. Due to friction with the atmosphere, meteors are burnt and destroyed. Thus, the atmosphere serves as a 'natural shield' for the earth.

The region where living organisms in lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere exist is called the 'Biosphere'. In the solar system, the biosphere exists only on the earth. The biosphere consists of human beings, other animals, vegetation and smaller insects.

Human life is dependent (based) on the biosphere.

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Ch 10 Spheres of the Earth
Vikas Social Science Workbook
Standard 6 S S sem 1
Standard 6 Social science
social science
social science workbook
workbook social science
Std 6 S S sem 1
Vikas Social Science Workbook Solution
English Medium sem 1
Hetal Patel
social science
workbook solution
workbook part 1
vikas workbook solution sem 1
vikas workbook
class 6 social science
Chapter 10
Ch 10 Spheres of the Earth