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Creating a Web Component in Vanilla JS: Understanding head and body Inclusion

Vanilla JS web component including head and bodyjavascriptweb component

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Описание к видео Creating a Web Component in Vanilla JS: Understanding head and body Inclusion

Learn how to effectively use Vanilla JS to create web components without directly including ` head ` and ` body `. We explore the limitations and best practices!
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/62659378/ asked by the user 'Medical physicist' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/2235673/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/62682151/ provided by the user 'Supersharp' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/4600982/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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Creating a Web Component in Vanilla JS: Understanding <head> and <body> Inclusion

Web components are a powerful feature in web development, allowing for the encapsulation of HTML, CSS, and JavaScript into reusable custom elements. However, when it comes to including <head> and <body> elements within these web components, things can get complicated. Many developers find themselves perplexed by the rules governing the creation of these components. Let’s delve into the problem and explore the solution in detail.

The Question

Can you include <head> and <body> elements as part of a web component? This is a common inquiry among developers experimenting with creating their own custom elements.

Example Attempt

For reference, let’s review an example that was attempted but didn’t yield the desired result.

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

In the accompanying JavaScript file:

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

In this example, developers found that the <web-html> component was placed inside <body>, leaving <head> empty. So, what went wrong?

The Reality of Web Component Structure

Key Rule

A web component cannot include its own <head> or <body> elements. Custom elements must be placed directly within either the <head> or <body> of their parent document.

Why Is This Important?

Direct Children: The <head> and <body> tags must be direct children of the <html> element, meaning nested structures within components are not permissible.

Restrictions on Inclusions: Including a <head> or <body> inside a web component results in unexpected behavior, as seen in the original attempt.

The Solution: Using JavaScript for Dynamic Changes

While you cannot define <head> and <body> inside your web component, you can dynamically manipulate them using JavaScript.

Practical Steps:

Accessing the Document:
Use document.head.appendChild() to add elements dynamically to the document head.

[[See Video to Reveal this Text or Code Snippet]]

Manipulating the Body:
In your custom element, use <slot> tags to manage dynamic content while maintaining clean separation from <head>.

Alternative Approach: Use of Slots

Using <slot> within web components allows developers to project content from the parent to the component without nesting unwanted HTML structure.

Conclusion

While attempting to include <head> and <body> elements within a web component can lead to misunderstandings, it’s crucial to recognize the restrictions inherent in the specifications of custom elements. Instead of focusing on embedding these elements directly, leveraging JavaScript to manipulate the document structure outside the component provides the necessary flexibility to achieve a well-organized architecture.

By following these guidelines, you can harness the true power of web components without running afoul of their structure!

Now that you have a clearer understanding of web components and the limitations surrounding <head> and <body>, you're better equipped to create effective web solutions that keep your structure clean and efficient.

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