Скачать или смотреть How to Rebase and Replace History in Git with Unrelated Commits

Discover a comprehensive guide to handling Git rebase with unrelated commit history. Learn how to elegantly replace remote state with your local changes while maintaining your commit history.
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/76223704/ asked by the user '3x071c' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/8545205/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/76223781/ provided by the user 'ElpieKay' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/6330106/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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Understanding the Problem: Git Rebase with Unrelated History

When working with Git, you may find yourself in a situation where you need to rebase on top of HEAD with an unrelated history. This can be particularly challenging when you want to discard specific previous commits while keeping your remote repository intact. In this post, we’ll examine a scenario where we want to transform the commit graph from this:

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To this:

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Commit F should reflect the changes from your local history D--E, but we need to effectively remove all prior history before it. Manual methods like committing back changes or force pushes aren’t feasible in this case due to restrictions in our environment. Let’s explore how you can achieve this effectively.

The Solution: Steps to Rebase and Replace Commits

Step 1: Create a Patch from the Commits

First, if D and E are two separate commits and you want to take the changes from D to E, you can create a patch. This preserves only the differences without keeping the unrelated history.

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Now, you have all the changes captured between the two commits in a file called patch.diff.

Step 2: Apply the Patch

Next, you will apply this patch to your branch. While doing so, you might encounter conflicts that need to be resolved. Here's the command you can use to apply the patch with the three-way merge strategy:

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Step 3: Aligning the Trees

Now, if your goal is to ensure that the files in commit F are identical to those in commit E, applying a patch might not suffice. We need to create a new commit F that has the same tree structure as E. This can be done by generating a new commit using the commit-tree command.

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This command will generate a new commit hash (let’s call it newcommit). With this new commit, you’re effectively creating a new state for your branch.

Step 4: Update the Branch Reference

Once you have the new commit, your final step is to update the foo branch to reference this new commit. You can do this by running:

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Alternatively, if you are currently checked out to foo, you can reset it directly:

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Conclusion

By following these steps, you’ve successfully rebased your branch and effectively replaced the entire state of the remote HEAD with your local changes, neatly aligned to avoid any unrelated history. This elegant solution helps streamline your workflow and maintain a clean project history.

Using the tools provided by Git, you can easily manage your commits without the cumbersome need for reversion and complicated merges. Now you’re well-equipped to handle similar situations in your version control journey. Happy coding!