Скачать или смотреть Moon's Surface 4K Images: How Impacts Shape the Lunar Landscape

Asteroid impacts are not mere collisions; they are fundamental geological forces shaping our solar system. These violent events leave indelible scars on the Moon's surface – craters of varying sizes etched into its dusty terrain. The Imbrium basin, formed approximately 3.8 billion years ago by an impactor estimated to be around 60 km in diameter, spans over 1,000 km and reaches a depth of up to five km.

LUNAR CRATERS: HISTORICAL RECORDS

Each crater acts as a data point, preserving information about the impacting asteroid's size, composition (classified as carbonaceous chondrite, stony, or metallic), and velocity – typically ranging from 15 to 20 kilometers per second. Studying these sites allows us to decipher lunar history and shed light on the early solar system's formation.

Scientists use sophisticated computer simulations, such as NASA’s impact simulation program, to study variables like asteroid size (ranging from meters to hundreds of kilometers), composition (such as rock or ice), and impact velocity (up to tens of kilometers per second). These models simulate processes such as ejecta distribution, crater morphology, and shockwave propagation with high accuracy.

IMPACT HEAT AND MOON'S SURFACE

While intense heat from impacts can melt lunar surface material, creating a temporary "impact basin" with temperatures exceeding 1500°C, this heat must dissipate quickly due to the Moon's lack of a substantial atmosphere and slow geological activity. The formation of the Imbrium basin may have contributed to a significant increase in the Moon’s core temperature as heat slowly conducts through the lunar crust over millions of years.

Visualisations of the Moon and voice — by iGadgetPro

Credit for real RAW-images of the Moon: cnsa.gov

All CNSA's RAW-images were colorized, processed and edited by iGadgetPro

Timecodes
0:00 - Introduction
0:34 - Asteroid bombardment effects on Lunar regolith
1:19 - Crater density and diameter variations
1:52 - Ejecta blankets surrounding craters
2:28 - Secondary crater populations

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