Скачать или смотреть Selenium class 3 - linkText, partial linkText, className, tagName locators explained in detail

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class 3:-
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Basic Locators:-
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(HTML) page
ID, Name, Class Name , Tag Name, Link Text,Partial Link Text

Link:-
https://www.saucedemo.com
https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive...
https://www.opencart.com/

WebDriverWait:
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WebDriverWait is a Selenium class used to wait for a certain condition (like visibility, clickability, presence, etc.) before proceeding with further steps in your test.
It helps handle dynamic web elements that take time to appear or become interactive, avoiding errors like:
NoSuchElementException
The page or input field is not fully loaded
OrangeHRM uses JavaScript to load the page, and elements may not be immediately available.

Fix: Use WebDriverWait to wait for the element to appear.

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10));
WebElement usernameInput =wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.name("username")));
usernameInput.sendKeys("Admin");
isDisplayed() method:-
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The isDisplayed() method in Selenium WebDriver is used to verify the visibility of a web element on a web page.
Syntax:
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boolean isVisible = driver.findElement(By.id("elementId")).isDisplayed();
Purpose:
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It checks if the element is present in the DOM and visible to the user.

Returns:
true if the element is displayed.

false if the element is not visible (e.g., hidden with CSS, display: none;, visibility: hidden;, or capacity: 0).

linkText locator:-
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In Selenium WebDriver, the linkText locator is used to identify and interact with hyperlinks (a tags) on a web page by their exact visible text.
You use linkText when you want to click or verify a hyperlink whose text is completely known and unique on the page.

WebElement aboutLink = driver.findElement(By.linkText("About Us"));
aboutLink.click();
wd.findElement(By.linkText("Features")).click();

Partial Link Text locator:-
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In Selenium WebDriver, partialLinkText is a locator strategy used to identify hyperlinks ( a tags) by matching a part of their visible text — not the full text.
driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText("partial text"));

Tablets -- Table - linkText()
Submit send -- partialLinkText()

Using LinkText:
driver.findElement(By.linkText("Go to Home Page"));
driver.findElement(By.linkText("Home"));

Using partialLinkText:
driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText("Home")); --ambuigity
driver.findElement(By.partialLinkText("Go to"));
Locating webelements by using Class Name and Tag Name

findElements() method:-
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The findElements() method is used to locate multiple web elements on a page that match a given locator (like class name, tag, xpath, etc.).
List WebElement elements = driver.findElements(By.className("value"))

What is the difference between findElements() vs findElement() method

findElement() id ,name, linktext and partial link text vs findElements() className TagName
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Feature findElement() findElements()
Return Type Returns a single WebElement Returns a List WebElement

Elements Found Finds the first matching element only Finds all matching elements


If Not Found Throws NoSuchElementException Returns an empty list (no exception)

Use When You expect only one element You expect multiple elements

Example Error Crashes if the element is missing Doesn’t crash; safe to loop over