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System Design : Outbox Pattern Explained: Fix the Dual Write Problem

Solve the dual write problem in event-driven systems using the Outbox Pattern with CDC, Poller, or Hybrid approaches. Learn pros, cons, and real-world tips.

📄 YouTube Video Description:
Struggling with the dual write problem in your event-driven architecture? You're not alone. Writing to your database and publishing an event to Kafka or triggering a webhook — all in the same flow — sounds simple, but it's a recipe for data loss or inconsistent state when failures strike.

In this video, we’ll break down why distributed transactions like 2PC or XA aren’t practical in modern microservice architectures — and why they often introduce more complexity than they solve.

Instead, you'll learn how the Transactional Outbox Pattern gives you a clean, production-grade way to solve the dual write problem — using either a poller, CDC (Change Data Capture) with Debezium, or even a hybrid approach that combines both for maximum reliability.

We’ll walk through how this pattern is implemented in the real world using two main strategies:

First, the poller-based approach, where a background job continuously scans the outbox table for new events and pushes them to Kafka or any external system like HTTP APIs or legacy queues.

Second, the CDC (Change Data Capture) approach using tools like Debezium, which taps directly into your database’s transaction log to stream outbox events in near real time.

You’ll learn:

🔹 What is the dual write problem
🔹 Why distributed transactions (like 2PC) are not viable
🔹 What is the Outbox Pattern
🔹 How to implement the Outbox Pattern using a Poller, CDC (Change Data Capture) with Debezium, or a Hybrid approach
🔹 Strengths and weaknesses of both Poller and CDC setups
🔹 Why many production systems use a fallback Poller for CDC reliability

Whether you're sending events to Kafka, calling external APIs, or building resilient microservices — this video will help you master the Transactional Outbox Pattern for safe, scalable, and reliable event delivery.


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