Surah Al-Balad (The City) is the 90th chapter of the Qur’an. It consists of 20 verses and was revealed in Makkah. Like other Makki surahs, its focus is on the fundamentals of faith, the nature of human life, and the concept of accountability. Here's a detailed description:
Name and Meaning
Al-Balad means “The City,” referring specifically to Makkah, the sacred city where the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was born.
The Surah opens by taking an oath on this city, highlighting its spiritual and historical importance.
Main Themes
1. The Sanctity of Makkah
“I swear by this city (Makkah) – and you, [O Prophet], are a resident of this city.” (Verses 1–2)
Allah swears by the city of Makkah, emphasizing its holiness and the presence of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ in it, who is facing opposition despite being its native.
2. The Struggle of Human Life
“Indeed, We have created man in hardship.” (Verse 4)
Life is full of toil and tests. Human beings are created in a world that demands effort and resilience. This verse highlights the reality of life's struggles, whether physical, emotional, or spiritual.
3. The Arrogance and False Security of Man
“He says, ‘I have wasted abundant wealth.’ Does he think no one sees him?” (Verses 6–7)
These verses criticize the arrogant attitude of the wealthy who boast about their spending and believe they are unaccountable. Allah reminds them that every action is being observed.
4. The Path of Righteousness
“But he has not attempted the steep path...” (Verse 11)
The "steep path" refers to a higher moral ground, a difficult but rewarding route that requires sacrifice and good deeds.
5. What is the Steep Path?
Allah defines this path in practical terms:
Freeing a slave
Feeding the poor
Helping the needy, especially orphans and destitute
Being among those who believe and encourage patience and compassion
(Verses 13–17)
6. Two Groups: Believers and Disbelievers
The Surah concludes by describing the fate of the two types of people:
Those who believe and do righteous deeds will be on the right-hand side (symbolizing success and salvation).
Those who reject the message will be on the left-hand side (symbolizing failure and punishment in Hellfire).
Key Lessons
Life is a test, and ease or wealth does not mean success.
True success lies in faith, compassion, and perseverance.
Charity and care for others are core Islamic values.
One must choose the morally upright path, even if it is difficult.
بصوت القارئ Abdulrahman Alshahhat
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