Скачать или смотреть Scapula Anatomy | Anterior View | Upper Limb Bones | V-Learning™

In this educational video, medical students will learn about the anatomy of the scapula, including its functions, borders and angles, surfaces, muscle attachments, and clinical anatomy. This will also cover the scapular region and scapula's flat, triangular shape and its role in providing attachment sites for various muscles involved in arm and shoulder movements.

Medical Students will learn about the borders and angles of the scapula, as well as the surfaces and landmarks of the bone.

▬ 📃 Scapula ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
The scapula is a flat, triangular bone situated on the posterior aspect of the ribcage, connecting the humerus to the clavicle. It plays an essential role in the shoulder girdle's stability and movement, enabling various arm and shoulder actions.

▬ 📜 Scapula Surfaces ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
👉 Costal (anterior) surface
The side facing the ribs, is concave in shape, allowing for the attachment of the subscapularis muscle.

👉 Dorsal (posterior) surface
Divided into two regions, the supraspinous and infraspinous fossae, by the spine of the scapula.

▬ 📃 Scapula Anterior View
The anterior view reveals the costal surface, the coracoid process (a hook-like projection), and the glenoid cavity (a shallow socket that articulates with the head of the humerus).

▬ 📜 Scapula Posterior View
The posterior view showcases the spine of the scapula, which divides the dorsal surface into the supraspinous and infraspinous fossae. Additionally, the acromion, a bony projection that articulates with the clavicle, is visible.

▬ 📃 Scapula Lateral View
This view displays the lateral border, the glenoid cavity, the coracoid process, and the acromion, providing a clear view of the scapula's articulations with the clavicle and humerus.

▬ 📜 Scapula Muscle Attachments ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
💪 Trapezius Muscle
The trapezius muscle attaches to the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone, the spinous processes of the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, and the ligamentum nuchae. The muscle fibers then converge to insert on the lateral third of the clavicle, the acromion process, and the spine of the scapula. The trapezius muscle plays a role in the movement and stabilization of the scapula and shoulder.

💪 Levator Scapulae Muscle
The levator scapulae muscle attaches to the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae and then inserts onto the superior angle and medial border of the scapula. The levator scapulae muscle plays a role in the elevation and downward rotation of the scapula.

💪 Rhomboid Muscles
The rhomboid major and minor muscles attach to the spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae and then insert onto the medial border of the scapula between the spine and inferior angle. The rhomboid muscles play a role in retraction and downward rotation of the scapula.

💪 Serratus Anterior Muscle
The serratus anterior muscle attaches to the upper eight or nine ribs and then inserts onto the medial border of the scapula between the superior and inferior angles. The serratus anterior muscle plays a role in protraction and upward rotation of the scapula.

💪 Deltoid Muscle
The deltoid muscle attaches to the lateral third of the clavicle, the acromion process, and the spine of the scapula. The deltoid muscle plays a role in the abduction, flexion, and extension of the arm.

💪 Supraspinatus Muscle
The supraspinatus muscle attaches to the supraspinous fossa of the scapula and then inserts onto the greater tubercle of the humerus. The supraspinatus muscle plays a role in the abduction of the arm.

💪 Infraspinatus Muscle
The infraspinatus muscle attaches to the infraspinous fossa of the scapula and then inserts onto the greater tubercle of the humerus. The infraspinatus muscle plays a role in the external rotation of the arm.

💪 Teres Minor Muscle
The teres minor muscle attaches to the lateral border of the scapula and then inserts onto the greater tubercle of the humerus. The teres minor muscle plays a role in the external rotation of the arm.

💪 Teres Major Muscle
The teres major muscle attaches to the inferior angle of the scapula and then inserts onto the intertubercular groove of the humerus. The teres major muscle plays a role in the adduction and extension of the arm.

▬ 📃 Scapula Clinical Anatomy ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
Various conditions and injuries can affect the scapula, including fractures, dislocations, rotator cuff injuries, and winged scapula, which can result from nerve damage or muscle weakness. Proper diagnosis and treatment are crucial for maintaining shoulder function and preventing long-term complications.

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