Скачать или смотреть How to Install Python Packages Locally Inside a Virtual Environment

Discover how to set up a virtual environment in Python and install packages locally from a requirements.txt file to avoid dependency issues.
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This video is based on the question https://stackoverflow.com/q/69149834/ asked by the user 'Atif Shafi' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/9795265/ ) and on the answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/69149887/ provided by the user 'Vishal Teotia' ( https://stackoverflow.com/u/16665447/ ) at 'Stack Overflow' website. Thanks to these great users and Stackexchange community for their contributions.

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How to Install Python Packages Locally Inside a Virtual Environment

Working on Python projects often involves managing dependencies, which can sometimes become quite challenging. If you’ve encountered an error while trying to install packages from your requirements.txt file - such as the dreaded ModuleNotFoundError - you may be looking for a solution that keeps your project dependencies local and isolated. In this guide, we'll walk you through the steps of setting up a virtual environment and installing Python packages specifically for your project. Let’s dive in!

Understanding the Problem

You may have encountered an error message similar to the following when attempting to install packages via your requirements.txt:

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This error suggests that Python is unable to find the specified module, which indicates that it's either not installed or not accessible within your current environment. One effective way to handle this situation is to utilize a virtual environment, allowing you to manage packages for different projects without interference from global installations.

Step-by-Step Solution

Step 1: Install virtualenv

First, you'll need the virtualenv package, which helps you create isolated Python environments. To install it, simply run the following command in your terminal:

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Step 2: Create a Virtual Environment

Once you have virtualenv installed, navigate to your project directory. You can create a new virtual environment with the following command:

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For example, if you wish to create an environment named my_env, the command would be:

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Step 3: Activate the Virtual Environment

Activating your virtual environment will ensure that all package installations occur within that environment rather than globally. The activation command varies based on your operating system:

For Windows: Execute the following command:

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For Linux or macOS: Use this command:

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Once activated, your terminal prompt will typically change to indicate that you’re now operating within the virtual environment.

Step 4: Install Packages from requirements.txt

With your virtual environment active, you can proceed to install all the required packages listed in your requirements.txt file. Simply run:

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This command ensures that all dependencies specified in the file are installed only within your virtual environment.

Conclusion

By following the steps outlined above, you will have successfully set up a virtual environment and installed your Python packages locally, which not only resolves dependency issues but also promotes a cleaner and more organized development workflow for your projects. If you encounter any issues during this process, feel free to revisit the steps, and don’t hesitate to seek help from the Python community! Happy coding!