Скачать или смотреть Dental crowding / Space Creation

This under-graduation lecture describes the following topics:
Prevalence, etiology and classification of crowding
Methods of space creation

Links for all the under-graduate students lectures:
1. Dental crowding / Space Creation:    • Dental crowding / Space Creation  
2. Dental Spacing / Hypodontia:    • Dental Spacing / Hypodontia  
3. Space analysis:    • Space analysis / Bolton Ratio  
4. Serial extraction:    • Serial Extraction  
5. Extraction in orthodontics:    • Extraction in Orthodontics  
6. Practical orthodontic Exam:    • Practical Orthodontic Exam with Answers  

References:
Littlewood SJ, Mitchell L. (2019): An introduction to orthodontics. 5th ed. Oxford University Press.