Скачать или смотреть Tharparkar District | Sindh Province, Pakistan ] where people live below the poverty line. }

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Fri 30 April 2021

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On average, only about 25% of pregnant women receive tetanus toxoid injections (25% in rural areas and 37% in urban areas). The overall percentage of infants aged 12–23 who receive full immunization is 21%. Urban areas saw a 32% immunization rate (16% of males and 48% of females), while rural areas saw a 20% rate (26% of males and 14% of females.[78

The Human Development Index (HDI) of Tharparkar is 0.227. In Pakistan's 2017 HDI report,[54] Tharparkar ranked 109th out of 114 surveyed districts, a drop from its rank as 103rd in 2013, the lowest ranking of any district in Sindh. Tharparkar also ranked among the ten worst districts for HDI growth between 2005 and 2015.

.The UNDP's Multidimensional Poverty Index for Pakistan reports that 87% of population in Tharparkar live under poverty.[55][56][57] Due to Tharparkar's poor conditions, including its low HDI and high infant mortality rate, a monitoring commission was formed to oversee the Sindh government's administration of the district.[58][59]

The Benazir Income Support Programme and the United Nations' World Food Programme agreed to take steps to reduce food insecurity in Tharparkar.[60] In 2019, Pakistan was provided with US$362,000 and 4,727 mt of food assistance.[61]

As a part of humanitarian efforts, 287,000 families in Tharparkar each received 50 kg of wheat 12 times. Additionally, 500 houses were provided to house Thari people. 750 small-scale water plants were constructed in the district at a cost of Rs 7.5 billion.[62][63] The Thar Foundation, a joint venture of the Sindh government and Engro has planned to build a 250-bed hospital at a cost of Rs 2 billion in Tharparkar. The first 82-bed block was completed in February 2019.[64]

.Hunger and malnutrition are the biggest issues in Tharparkar. Each year, around 1,500 children die in the district.

Despite humanitarian initiatives by provincial, federal and international authorities, the region has seen little improvement, especially in its infant mortality rate, which sees around 1,500 children die annually.[65][66][67] Between January and October 2019 84 infants died,[68][69][70] while in total, 703 children died.[71][72] In 2016, the National Commission for Human Rights (NCHR) directed the Sindh Chief Secretary to submit a report on cases of infant mortality.[73]

According to Saeed Ghani, Sindh's minister for Local Government, Public Health Engineering and Rural Development, and Katchi Abadies, a mobile app was introduced to assist with the distribution of wheat.[74][75] However, no such app was actually created, and the system continues to rely on XLS/PDF files, and web resources, that weren't widely distributed.[76]

According to legislator Mahesh Kumar Malani, Rs 15 billion has been spent for development projects in nine years and further development plans worth Rs 18&nsbplbillion are under way to improve the situation in Tharparkar.[62] According to the Chief Minister of Sindh Rs 70 billion has been spent on the development of infrastructure.[64] The government's Benazir Income Support Programme has transferred Rs 387 billion since 2008.[77] Despite these efforts, the living standard index of Tharparkar has fallen by 50% between 2005 and 2015.

Although Tharparkar has been affected by drought for at least 17 years, and has been a subject of efforts of numerous major NGOs, including USAID, DFID and several branches of the United Nations, no detailed, statistical report on water resources and measures to improve the situation has been published by the government.

Health Facilities and ImmunizationEdit

Thari people face various issues due to waterborne diseases, inadequate health facilities, famine, and lack of basic infrastructure.

Health Facilities

As of 2014, there were 140 health facilities in the district. These health facilities included 1 district headquarters hospital with a capacity of 50 beds and 3 tehsil headquarters hospitals with capacities of 80 beds each.[78] When compared to World Health Organization standards, these facilities were sufficient for only 54% of the population, while bedding capabilities were sufficient for only 6%. In Tharparkar, an average 85% of births take place at home, with home births constituting 56% of urban births and 87% of rural births. Tharparkar ranks lowest in Sindh for births assisted by skilled attendants, with only 16% deliveries performed in that manner.[79]

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