System Design Interview – Step By Step Guide

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Topics mentioned in the video:
- Stages of a typical system design interview: functional requirements (API), non-functional requirements, high-level design, detailed design, bottlenecks and tradeoffs.
- Why requirements clarification is so important.
- What questions to ask the interviewer.
- How to design API.
- Non-functional requirements to consider: scalability, performance, availability, consistency, cost.
- How to define a data model.
- How to scale a SQL database.
- Apache Cassandra high-level architecture.
- Data processing concepts: checkpointing, partitioning, in-memory aggregation, deduplication cache, dead-letter queue, embedded database, state management.
- Data ingestion pipeline concepts: blocking vs non-blocking I/O, buffering and batching, timeouts, retries, exponential backoff and jitter, circuit breaker pattern, software vs hardware load balancing, load balancing algorithms, DNS, health checking and high availability of load balancers, partition strategy, hot partitions, client-side and server-side service discovery, single leader replication and leaderless replication, textual vs binary data formats.
- Data retrieval pipeline concepts: time-series data, data rollup, hot storage, cold storage.
- Types of performance testing: load testing, stress testing, soak testing.
- Health monitoring.
- Audit systems.

Inspired by the following interview questions:
Google (https://www.careercup.com/question?id...)