Understanding Your Paternity Test |What the Results Really Mean| Paternity Report| DNA Report

Understanding Your Paternity Test |What the Results Really Mean| Paternity Report| Paternity Results
DNA Testing
DNA report
Paternity Index(PI), Direct Index (DI)
probability of paternity
cannot be excluded
exclusion of paternity
Prenatal paternity Testing

For the child’s two alleles, one allele comes from the person's mother, and the other allele comes from the father.
If, for example, a child has two alleles that are sizes 11 and 15,
and if the mother has sizes 5 and 15,
then the child inherited the size 15 allele from the mother.
The child has to have inherited the size 11 allele from the father.
The size 11 allele is the "obligate paternal allele."
Generally, the alleged father must have an allele this size if he is the biological father of the child.
The box in the chart on the Laboratory Report highlights the obligate paternal allele and the alleged father's matching allele, if any.
If the alleged father does not have the matching allele, then he usually cannot be the biological parent.
If he does have it, then he could be the father.

A "Paternity Index"(PI), or “Direct Index” (DI) is calculated based on information including the portion of the male population that has this size allele.
This index is included in the PI (DI) column for each DNA locus.
A Combined Paternity Index or Combined Direct Index for all of the tested alleles is then calculated and written in bold type below the chart,
along with the "probability of paternity."
The probability of paternity is the percentage likelihood that a man with the alleles of the alleged father is the biological parent of the child,
as compared to an untested, unrelated man of the same race.


In general, if the tested father is confirmed to be the biological father of the child,
the result is a positive paternity inclusion.
In such cases, the probability of paternity will exceed 99.9%.
The Statement of Results in the report will state,
"The alleged father cannot be excluded as the biological father of the tested child. Based on the analysis of STR loci listened above, the probability of paternity is 99.9999%."

Conversely, if the tested father is not the child’s biological father,
the results will be exclusion of paternity.
The probability of paternity in this case would be 0%
and the Statement of Results on the report will read
“The alleged father is excluded as the biological father of the tested child. This conclusion is based on the non-matching alleles observed at the STR loci listed above with a DI equal to 0. The probability of paternity is 0%”."


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