Density operator for mixed quantum states

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📚 The density operator provides an equivalent formalism to that of state vectors when we deal with pure states. However, to see the full power of the density operator formalism, we need to look at systems for which we only have incomplete information. In these systems, described by mixed states, the equations of quantum mechanics take a particularly simple form when using the density operator formalism. This approach provides the starting point to study topics such as quantum statistical mechanics.

⏮️ BACKGROUND
Pure and mixed states:    • Pure vs. mixed quantum states  
Density operator for pure states:    • Density operator for pure quantum states  
Projection operators:    • Projection operators in quantum mecha...  
Measurements | Maths:    • Measurements in quantum mechanics || ...  
Schrödinger equation:    • The Schrödinger equation  
Expectation values:    • Expectation values in quantum mechanics  

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