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Jang-e-Uhud (Battle of Uhud) – Complete History

The Battle of Uhud (جنگ احد) was the second major battle in Islamic history, fought on 3 Shawwal 3 AH (March 23, 625 CE) near Mount Uhud, close to Madina. It was a significant event between the Muslims of Madina, led by Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, and the Quraysh of Makkah, led by Abu Sufyan.

Background of the Battle

1. Reason for the Battle
• After their defeat at Badr (2 AH), the Quraysh were determined to take revenge.
• Their leader, Abu Sufyan, gathered an army of 3,000 men, including 200 cavalry and 700 armored soldiers.
• They aimed to attack Madina and destroy the growing power of Islam.

2. The Muslim Army
• Prophet Muhammad ﷺ consulted his companions regarding the battle strategy.
• Some Sahaba, including Abdullah bin Ubayy (a hypocrite), suggested defending Madina from inside.
• Young Sahaba, eager for battle, insisted on fighting outside Madina.
• Prophet Muhammad ﷺ accepted their opinion and prepared an army of 1,000 men, but Abdullah bin Ubayy and his 300 followers withdrew, leaving only 700 Muslim soldiers.

The Battle of Uhud

1. Positioning of the Armies
• The Prophet ﷺ chose Mount Uhud as the battlefield.
• 50 archers under Abdullah bin Jubair (RA) were stationed on a hill to guard the rear and prevent a surprise attack.
• Prophet Muhammad ﷺ strictly commanded them not to leave their position under any circumstances.

2. The Beginning of the Battle
• The Quraysh started the battle with a one-on-one duel.
• Hazrat Hamza (RA), the uncle of the Prophet ﷺ, fought bravely and killed several Quraysh warriors.
• The Muslims, with their strong faith and courage, initially dominated the battle, causing the Quraysh to retreat.

3. The Turning Point
• When the Quraysh started fleeing, many Muslim soldiers began collecting war booty.
• Seeing this, the archers on the hill disobeyed the Prophet’s command and left their positions.
• Khalid bin Walid (not yet a Muslim), a brilliant military commander of the Quraysh, noticed the unguarded hill and attacked from behind.
• This surprise attack caused confusion among the Muslim ranks.

4. The Martyrdom of Hazrat Hamza (RA)
• Wahshi, an Abyssinian slave, was promised freedom if he killed Hazrat Hamza (RA).
• He threw a spear at Hazrat Hamza (RA), piercing his stomach and killing him.

5. The False Rumor of the Prophet’s Death
• During the chaos, someone shouted that Prophet Muhammad ﷺ had been killed.
• This spread panic among the Muslims, and some fled from the battlefield.
• However, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was alive, though he had been injured.

Aftermath of the Battle

1. Prophet Muhammad ﷺ’s Injury
• The Prophet ﷺ suffered multiple injuries:
• His helmet broke, and its rings wounded his blessed face.
• His teeth were broken, and he bled profusely.
• Sahaba like Ali (RA) and Fatima (RA) treated his wounds later.

2. The Martyrs of Uhud
• Around 70 Muslims were martyred, including:
• Hazrat Hamza (RA)
• Mus’ab bin Umair (RA) (who resembled the Prophet and was mistaken for him)
• Abdullah bin Jahsh (RA)
• The Quraysh lost around 22 men.

3. Abu Sufyan’s Declaration
• After their partial victory, Abu Sufyan shouted: “We have avenged Badr!”
• Umar (RA) responded: “Allah is our Helper, and you have no helper.”

4. The Lesson for the Muslims
• This battle taught the Muslims the importance of obeying the Prophet’s commands.
• It also made them realize that victory depends on Allah’s will, not numbers or strength.

Conclusion

Jang-e-Uhud was a test of faith for the Muslims. Even though they suffered a temporary setback, it strengthened their resolve. Later, in the Battle of the Trench (Ahzab) and Conquest of Makkah, they emerged victorious, proving that true success lies in obedience to Allah and His Messenger ﷺ.