Hyperkalemia Symptoms and Treatment | Nursing School Lecture

Hyperkalemia Symptoms and Treatment | Nursing School Lecture

In this video we're walking through the pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, and nursing interventions of hyperkalemia, or high potassium. Hyperkalemia happens if potassium level gets above 5 mEq/L.

Causes of hyperkalemia:
Hyperkalemia can be caused by excessive intake of high potassium foods or medications, use of potassium-sparing diuretics, issues with the kidneys, adrenal insufficiency,  or movement of potassium across cell membranes. 

Signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia:
Cardiac arrhythmias, ECK changes, and muscle changes can all be signs of hyperkalemia.

Nursing interventions and assessments for hyperkalemia:
Monitor: Your patient should be on a cardiac monitor since hyperkalemia can cause life threatening cardiac arrhythmias. You'll also need to regularly assess their potassium level. Monitor their heart rate, blood pressure, neuromuscular status to look for muscle twitching, cramping or paralysis, monitor them for GI upset, and check their respiratory status. 

Reverse: We want to try to get rid of the excess potassium inside their body. You might give medications like potassium-excreting diuretics, or glucose and insulin to try to reduce the potassium level. They may also need dialysis to rebalance their electrolytes. 

Prevent: Encourage the patient to follow the prescribed diet plan, usually a low-potassium diet, but be aware of those salt-substitutes that are high in potassium, so those should be avoided. You'll need to educate your patient on the signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia and help them seek medical care early if they experience any of them.

We just walked through not only the pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, and nursing interventions of hyperkalemia.

Great job! You've got this, friend!


TIMESTAMPS:
0:00 What you'll learn about hyperkalemia
1:18 Role of potassium
2:51 Causes of hyperkalemia
8:18 Signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia
12:56 Nursing interventions and assessments


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