The raphe nuclei (found in the brain stem) are the anatomical origin of the serotonin (also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) system in the human brain. This video focuses on the subdivisions of the raphe nuclei, the patterns of connections within those subdivisions, and the localization of various serotonin receptors in the brain, and some of the psychological consequences of all of this.
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The neuroscience of serotonin is complex. That’s why I’ve created a playlist on the neurobiology of the serotonin system. Link to the rest of the serotonin videos: • Serotonin Receptors | Types of Seroto...
Chapters:
00:00 The serotonin system anatomy is found in all animals, plants, and fungi.
01:00 The raphe nuclei is the origin of the serotonin system in humans
01:20 This video is part of a serotonin playlist
01:42 Introduction to neuroscience playlist
02:03 Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) is made in the gut and the raphe nuclei in the brain
02:45 “Nuclei” definition in neuroscience
03:20 Anatomical subdivisions of the raphe nuclei
04:40 Subdivisions of the rostral raphe nuclei
05:00 Effects of stimulating the median-rostral and dorsal-rostral raphe nuclei
05:55 Trajectories of the axons of raphe nuclei serotonergic neurons
06:38 Two patterns of serotonergic neuron connectivity in the brain: Movement and Emotion
07:25 Serotonin in the amygdala may be important for forming fear associations
08:05 Please sign up for the weekly video newsletter (and the podcast!). Thank you.
08:41 The many serotonin receptor subtypes (see my video on Serotonin Receptors)
09:41 Some distinct patterns of serotonin receptor localization in the brain
10:55 Cell-type specific expression of serotonin receptors
12:00 How do our brains produce serotonin? (topic of the next video)
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Sources Cited:
Sharp, T., & Barnes, N. M. (2020). Central 5-HT receptors and their function; present and future. Neuropharmacology, 177, 108155. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32522...
Dingman M. Know Your Brain: Raphe Nuclei. Neuroscientifically Challenged. https://neuroscientificallychallenged.... Published October 27, 2017.
Di Giovanni, G., & De Deurwaerdère, P. (2020). Serotonin research: Crossing scales and boundaries. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm....
Hoyer, D. (2020). Targeting the 5-HT system: Potential side effects. Neuropharmacology, 108233. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32805...
Mosienko, V., Bader, M., & Alenina, N. (2020). The serotonin-free brain: behavioral consequences of Tph2 deficiency in animal models. In Handbook of Behavioral Neuroscience (Vol. 31, pp. 601-607). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-64...
Carhart-Harris, R. L., & Nutt, D. J. (2017). Serotonin and brain function: a tale of two receptors. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 31(9), 1091-1120. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28858...
Bacqué-Cazenave, J., Bharatiya, R., Barrière, G., Delbecque, J. P., Bouguiyoud, N., Di Giovanni, G., ... & De Deurwaerdère, P. (2020). Serotonin in animal cognition and behavior. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(5), 1649. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32121...
Carvajal-Oliveros, A., & Campusano, J. M. (2021). Studying the Contribution of Serotonin to Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Can This Fly?. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 14, 262. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/...
JJ Medicine. “Serotonin and Melatonin Synthesis | Tryptophan Metabolism” • Serotonin and Melatonin Synthesis | T... .
#serotonin #raphenuclei #serotoninsystemanatomy
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