Gluteal region - Cadaveric Anatomy

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Gluteal region
The gluteal region lies behind the pelvis and extends from the iliac crest to the gluteal fold (the fold of the buttock), which is the posterior horizontal crease line of the hip joint. Various muscles, nerves, and vessels emerge from the pelvis to enter the lower limb in this region.

The muscles of the region are the:

three gluteal muscles – gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus, which is the smallest of all three
the deeply situated piriformis muscle
obturator internus muscle
superior gemellus
inferior gemellus
quadratus femoris muscles
The bony and ligamentous features of the region include the back of the sacrum and hip bone, the upper end of the femur, and the sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments. Thus, the gluteal muscles constitute the bulk of this region.

Because of the location of the gluteal region, it is considered a transitional region between the trunk and the free lower limbs.

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