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⚙️ Process Management in Operating System Explained!
In this video, we dive deep into one of the most important OS topics – Process Management. You’ll learn everything from process states and dual-mode operation (User vs Kernel Mode) to the differences between processes and threads with real-world clarity.

This lecture is ideal for Computer Science students, GATE/UGC NET aspirants, and anyone preparing for university exams or technical interviews where OS fundamentals are tested.

✅ What you’ll learn in this video:

Process States: New, Ready, Running, Wait/Block, Terminate (+ additional states)

User Mode vs Kernel Mode: Dual-mode operation & mode bit explanation

Schedulers: Long-Term, Short-Term & Medium-Term scheduling

Preemption: Why processes are interrupted and sent back to the ready queue

Context Switching Overhead: What happens when the CPU switches between processes

Processes vs Threads: Heavyweight vs lightweight execution units

User-Level Threads vs Kernel-Level Threads: Pros & Cons explained

📌 Timestamps & Chapters
00:00 – Introduction to Process Management
00:17 – Process States (5-State Model)
04:44 – Additional States in Process Life Cycle
05:24 – User Mode vs Kernel Mode (Dual-Mode Operation)
07:19 – Process vs Threads: Key Differences
07:51 – Process Structure (fork()) vs Thread Structure (Shared Memory)
09:39 – User-Level vs Kernel-Level Threads

🎯 Key Takeaways:

The 5-State Process Model: How a process moves from creation (New) to termination

Schedulers in OS: Role of Long-Term, Short-Term, and Medium-Term schedulers

Preemption & Time Quantum: Why a running process is stopped

Mode Bit & System Calls: Switching between user mode and kernel mode safely

Threads vs Processes: Why threads are lightweight and faster but interdependent

Thread Types: Trade-offs between fast user-level threads and OS-managed kernel threads

🚀 By the end of this video, you’ll have a solid understanding of Process Management in OS, making your concepts crystal-clear and exam-ready.