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The Aravalli Range in northwestern India is one of the world’s oldest fold mountain systems, extending approximately 800 km from Gujarat to Delhi via Rajasthan and Haryana.
It influences the local climate, economic activities, and biodiversity of the region, acting as a barrier for cloud movement towards the lower Himalayas and shaping the climate of northern India.
The drainage of the Ganga and Indus is divided by one extension of the Aravalli, from Delhi to Haridwar.
The highest peak of the Aravali Range is Guru Shikhar 1722 meters, located in Mount Abu. It is referred to as the Shimla of Rajasthan.
These ranges are rich in biodiversity and provide habitat to 300 native plant species, 120 bird species and many exclusive animals like the Jackal and Mongoose.
The Aravalli Range serves as a crucial groundwater recharge zone, replenishing the water table in the surrounding areas, and also protecting fertile river valleys from cold westerly winds during winter.
It is adorned with magnificent forts and palaces like Chittorgarh, Kumbhalgarh, and Udaipur palace. Despite its diminishing forest cover, the Aravalli acts as a buffer, absorbing the impact of human activities and pollution on the urban landscape.
It serves as the “Lungs of Delhi-NCR,” safeguarding the city from the scorching sandy winds originating from the Thar Desert.
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Sources :
The Indian Express: Haryana’s narrow definition of Aravallis will not be in the interests of the well-being of residents: 14th Sept, 2021
Hindustan Times: Why the Aravallis come to die in NCR: 7th Jan, 2023
Journals Of India: Aravalli Range: 31st March, 2021
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