Ecosystem Structure / Component, Types & Function

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Ecosystem Structure / Component, Types & Function
 The earth upon which we live may be considered a vast ecosystem and the structure of an ecosystem is basically a description of the living components and non-living factors of our earth.
 From the structural point of view, the ecosystem can be divided into two components i.e., Abiotic components and Biotic components

Abiotic Components:
Abiotic components of the ecosystem include those components which are non-living. It is divided into four different types as follows:
(i) Inorganic components: Minerals, water and various gases together constitute the inorganic components of ecosystem. e.g. K, P, H2O, O2, CO2, N2 etc.
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(ii) Organic components: Various dead and decomposed bodies of the organism and excretory materials of different organisms mix up with the soil and form organic components. e.g., amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates.
(iii) Climatic components: Climatic components include rain, temperature, light, solar energy, wind current, humidity, moisture etc. Solar energy of the sun is the only significant energy source for any ecosystem.
(iv) Edaphic components: The edaphic factors include mainly soil, rock, sand etc.
Some authors include both climatic and edaphic factors under physical component only.