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The Original Black Wall Street


Before Tulsa's Greenwood District, Durham's Parrish Street and Hayti District were the original "Black Wall Street." In 1898, John Merrick—born enslaved, became a millionaire—co-founded North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance Company with Dr. Aaron Moore and Charles Spaulding. By 1906, they created a four-block economic empire on Parrish Street with over 120 Black-owned businesses including Mechanics and Farmers Bank (1907), one of America's first Black-owned banks. When W.E.B. Du Bois visited in 1912, he called it "unparalleled." Durham's Black community achieved the highest per capita income and home ownership in America. Merrick's philosophy of "group economics" reinvested wealth into the community. The 1960s urban renewal destroyed much of Hayti, but institutions like North Carolina Central University (1910) and M&F Bank still stand. This was the blueprint that inspired Tulsa.


Before Wall Street ever looked Black, there was a thriving Black economic empire—then it was destroyed.
This video uncovers the original Black Wall Street, a powerful Black-owned business district that proved economic independence was possible—until violence, jealousy, and systemic racism erased it from American history.

What You’ll Discover in This Video:

✅ The Rise of Black Wall Street – How Black entrepreneurs built wealth from nothing
✅ Economic Power – Banks, newspapers, doctors, theaters, and businesses all owned by Black Americans
✅ The Destruction – What really happened when success threatened the system
✅ Media Silence & Erasure – How history books minimized or ignored the truth
✅ The Legacy – Why Black Wall Street still matters today

What You’ll Experience:

🏙️ A vivid look at Black excellence and self-determination
🏙️ Emotional storytelling rooted in real events
🏙️ A deeper understanding of racial violence tied to economic success
🏙️ Truths many were never taught in school

Why This Story Matters:

⭐ Exposes how Black wealth was systematically targeted
⭐ Challenges the myth that Black communities lacked economic power
⭐ Connects past destruction to modern wealth gaps
⭐ Honors a legacy of resilience, ambition, and brilliance

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ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Oral Tradition Documentation:
Schmidt, Peter R. Oral Traditions, Archaeology and History: A Short Reflective History in Schmidt & Patterson (eds.) Making Alternative Histories (1995)
Vansina, Jan Oral Tradition as History (1985) - Methodology for oral historical sources
Henige, David The Chronology of Oral Tradition (1974)

Haya Cultural Studies:
Reining, Priscilla The Haya: The Agrarian System of a Sedentary People Dissertation, University of Chicago (1967)
Carlsen, John Economic and Social Transformation in Rural Kenya (1980) - Regional context
Katoke, Israel K. The Karagwe Kingdom: A History of the Abanyambo of Northwestern Tanzania (1975)

AFRICAN METALLURGY STUDIES
Regional Iron Age Research