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Transformers have various applications across various industries because they efficiently transfer electrical energy between different voltage levels. Here are some of the critical applications of transformers:

1. Power Distribution: Transformers are crucial in power distribution systems to step up the voltage for efficient long-distance transmission and step down the voltage for safe use in homes and businesses.

2. Electrical Grids: They are used in substations to regulate voltage levels and manage power flow in electrical grids.

3. Industrial Processes: Transformers provide the necessary voltage levels for industrial machinery, enabling efficient operation of various processes.

4. Residential Use: As mentioned, small transformers in devices like chargers and power adapters help convert high-voltage AC power from the mains to lower-voltage DC power suitable for electronic devices.

5. Electrical Isolation: Transformers can provide electrical isolation between primary and secondary circuits, preventing voltage fluctuations and protecting sensitive equipment.

6. Audio Equipment: Transformers are used in audio systems to couple amplifiers to speakers and match impedance levels.

7. Instrumentation: They are used in measuring instruments for isolation and voltage transformation.

8. Lighting: Transformers are used in lighting systems to step down voltage levels for halogen or LED lights.

9. Medical Equipment: Transformers provide isolation and appropriate voltage levels in medical devices, ensuring patient safety and proper device function.

10. Railways: Transformers power electric trains by converting high-voltage power from the grid to the voltage the train's motors need.

11. Telecommunications: Transformers are used in communication systems to couple signals between circuits.

12. Renewable Energy: transformers help convert generated power to the appropriate voltage for grid integration in solar and wind energy systems.

13. HVAC Systems: Transformers are used in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems to control voltage for motors and other components.