Скачать или смотреть A Short History Of Hadrians Wall. Who build it and why was it build?

Hadrians Wall was build in AD 122 and marked the boundery between Roman Britannia and the unconquered Caledonia to the north.
The length of the wall from coast to coast is 117 kilometers or 73 miles. The wall covered the entire width of the british island from the Tiver Tyne in east to Bowness-on-Solway in the west.

Throughout the lenght of the wall there was a watch-tower every third of a mile. The towers provided living accommodation and sometimes shelter for the Roman troops in the north.

It took approximately 6 years to build the wall and it was finished in 128 AD. The wall was build by the roman legions and up to 15.000 soldiers participated in the huge construction. In the begining parts of the wall was constructed from turf and wood. Later it was replaced by stone.

The wall was constructed by the empereor Hadrian. When Hadrian in 117 AD got on the imperial throne, the Roman empire was hit by rebellion and unrest in Egypt to the south, Judea to the east and britain to the north. It makes sense to asume the wall was build for defensive purpose.

In realaty the wall might have been build for economic purposes. The Picts, the inhabitants of the northern part of the islands, should not be considered af major thread to the roman empirer. So eventhough the wall would make big organized attacks difficuld the purpose could just as well be to collect taxes for goods going in and out of the empirer.

When Hadrian died in 138 AD he was replaced by emperer Antoninus Pius who soon after abondoned Hadrians Wall and started the construction of the Antonine Wall. The new wall was placed about 160 kilometers north of the original wall.

In 164 emperor Marcus Aurelius abandoned the Antonine Wall and reoccupied Hadrians Wall.

The romans left the wall for good in 410 when the left Britain.