Скачать или смотреть Hostile Witness

"Hostile Witness" ka arth hai aisa gawaah jo court mein aakar us party ke khilaf bolne lage jisne use bulaya ho, ya phir apne pehle diye gaye bayan se mukar jaye.

🔸 Relevant Section:

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 ke Section 154 (jo purane Evidence Act ke Section 154 jaisa hi hai), yeh allow karta hai ki:

Court apne discretion se kisi bhi party ko apne hi bulaye gaye gawaah (witness) se pratiprashn (cross-examination) karne ki anumati de sakta hai, agar woh witness hostile ho gaya ho.




🧑‍⚖️ Key Points:

1. Hostile hone ka matlab:

Witness jhooth bol raha ho,

Apne purane bayan se mukar gaya ho,

Jisne bulaya hai usi ke khilaf bol raha ho,

Prosecution witness ho aur defence ke favour me bol raha ho.



2. Court ka role:

Sirf court hi kisi witness ko hostile declare karta hai.

Party khud witness ko hostile nahi bol sakti bina court ki permission ke.



3. Advocate ka haq:

Agar witness hostile ho jaye, toh advocate ko cross-examination ka adhikar milta hai — jaise ki woh dusre paksh ka witness ho.



📘 Illustration (Courtroom Example):

Aapne apne client ke paksh me ek witness bulaya. Witness ne police me ya statement me kaha tha ki "haan, accused hi galat hai."

Lekin court me aake woh kehta hai:

"Mujhe yaad nahi."
"Main ne kabhi aisa nahi kaha tha."
"Woh toh bekaar me fas gaya hai."


⚠️ Is point par, aap as an advocate court se kahenge:

"My Lord, I request permission to treat the witness as hostile under Section 154 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam."

Court agar maan jaye, toh aap usse cross-examination kar sakte ho — tough questions poochh sakte ho, contradictions dikhla sakte ho.


🧠 Note for Advocates:

Hostile witness ka statement poori tarah se discard nahi hota.
Court uske kuch portions par bharosa kar sakti hai, agar woh consistent ho.

Hostile witness ke palatne par bhi case khatam nahi hota, lekin aapko aur evidences ya cross examination skills se case bachana padta hai.#HostileWitness
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