4 Roman imperialism in the second century BC

The Conquered and the Proud Part Four. This time we take a look at the roots and nature of Roman imperialism and trace the changing attitudes of scholars to this as wider attitudes to empire have changed.

Further Reading:-

More traditional interpretations -
E. Badian, Roman Imperialism in the Late Republic (1968)
R. Errington, The Dawn of Empire: Rome's Rise to World Power (1971)

Emphasis on Roman aggression:
W. Harris, War and Imperialism in Republican Rome 327 - 70 BC (1979)
K. Hopkins, Conquerors and Slaves (1978)
J. Richardson, Hispaniae. Spain and the Development of Roman Imperialism, 218-82 BC (1986)

Reviews of Harris:
A. Sherwin-White, 'Rome the aggressor?', Journal of Roman Studies 70 (1979), pp. 177-181 & J. North, 'The development of Roman imperialism', Journal of Roman Studies 71 (1981), pp. 1-9

Modifying and reassessing various aspects:-
S. Dyson, The creation of the Roman frontier (1985)
E. Gruen, 'Material rewards and the drive for empire', in W. Harris (ed.), The imperialism of Mid-Republican Rome (1984), pp. 59-82
R. Kallet-Marx, Hegemony to empire (1996)
J. Rich, 'Fear, greed and glory: the causes of Roman war-making in the middle Republic', in J. Rich & G. Shipley (eds.), War and Society in the Roman World (1993), pp. 38-68

Emphasis on the wider context:
A. Eckstein, Mediterranean Anarchy, Interstate War, and the Rise of Rome (2006)