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Understanding the Difference between 50/51N and 50/51G Relays

Both 50/51N and 50/51G are overcurrent relays protecting against ground faults, but they differ in their application. The 50/51N relay, often called a ground fault overcurrent relay, is specifically designed to detect ground faults by measuring the residual current, which is the imbalance of currents in the phase conductors plus the neutral conductor. It trips when this residual current exceeds a set threshold. Conversely, the 50/51G relay, or ground overcurrent relay, may or may not use the neutral current. Instead, it typically uses a dedicated current transformer (CT) placed around the grounding conductor. This setup allows it to directly measure the current flowing to ground. The 50/51N is commonly used in systems where a dedicated ground conductor is present, while the 50/51G is more suitable when you want to specifically measure the current that is flowing directly to ground.

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