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A distributed database is a collection of logically interconnected databases, physically spread across multiple locations and computers, that appear to users as a single, unified database. Managed by a Distributed Database Management System (DDBMS), these systems distribute data for improved availability, scalability, and performance, while hiding the underlying complexity of data distribution from the end-user. Key advantages include enhanced resilience against failures, reduced latency by locating data closer to users, and the ability to handle large datasets by distributing the processing load.
Key Characteristics
Logical Interrelation: The databases are not just independent files but are logically connected, forming a single, coherent dataset.
Physical Distribution: Data is stored on multiple physical locations or nodes connected by a computer network.
Transparency: The DDBMS provides transparency, meaning users don't need to know the specific location or structure of the data to access it.
Autonomy: Each site can operate independently to some extent, contributing to the overall resilience of the system.

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