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Why Canada Can’t Refine and Use Its Own Oil

Why does Canada—a country with the world’s third-largest oil reserves—still import gasoline from the United States?
In this video, we break down the “Geography Trap” that forces Canada to sell its oil at a steep discount and then buy it back at full market prices. Despite holding more than 170 billion barrels of proven reserves—more than Iran or Iraq—Canada has not built a major new refinery in over three decades.
We examine the structural challenges of the Alberta oil sands, where heavy bitumen crude is expensive and complex to refine domestically. From harsh winters that dramatically raise construction costs, to a lack of pipeline access to Canada’s own coasts, we explain how these constraints have locked the country into what economists describe as a classic resource-curse cycle.

In this video, we cover:

1.The Refining Gap
Why Canada lacks sufficient refinery capacity to process even half of its daily oil production.
2. The U.S. Discount
How the Western Canadian Select price differential costs the Canadian economy billions every year.
3. The Geography Trap
Why it is often cheaper to refine Canadian oil in Texas than in Alberta.
4. Pipeline Politics
The collapse of Energy East and the ongoing challenges surrounding the 5. 5. Trans Mountain Expansion.

If you have ever wondered why gasoline prices in Canada remain high despite vast oil reserves, this video provides the missing context.

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