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First 3D map of the Universe |अब खुलेगा ब्रह्माण्ड के विस्तार का रहस्य @anilkumartiwarii
A new 3-D map of universe hints about the nature of dark energy
An international team of researchers has just released the most comprehensive “three-dimensional” map of the universe, which, scientists hope, could reveal some clues about dark energy.
The researchers, including an Indian team led by Shadab Alam at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai, has published its findings from the first year of observations by the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, or DESI
It is a unique piece of equipment that, once fitted over a telescope, can capture light from 5,000 galaxies at the same time.
What is dark Energy?
That the universe is expanding has been known for close to a century, thanks to the observations by the American astronomer Edwin Hubble in 1929.
More recently, in the late 1990s, scientists found that this expansion was happening at an accelerated rate — that is, not only was the universe expanding, it was expanding at an increasingly faster pace.
This discovery, honoured with the Nobel Prize in Physics (for Saul Perlmutter, Brian P Schmidt, and Adam G Riess) in 2011, forced scientists to hypothesise ‘dark’ energy.
Scientists did not have any clue about expansion, what this could be, they called it “dark energy”.
The DESI experiment
The results, announced on 4 April 2024, have come from observations of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), a unique piece of equipment with 5,000 robotic ‘eyes’, each one of which can separately capture and process light coming from a galaxy.
This gives DESI, mounted on the Nicholas W Mayall 4-meter Telescope at the Kitt Peak National Observatory in Arizona, US, the capability to observe 5,000 galaxies at the same time.
DESI has been operating for three years, and is scheduled to continue for at least another two years. Data from the first year of DESI observations — during which light from 6 million galaxies, some of which existed as far back as 11 billion years ago, was captured — have now been used to create the most comprehensive three-dimensional evolutionary map of the universe till date.
Why it is called Three dimensional Map?
Three-dimensional map have been able to measure the distances between these galaxies to a very high level of precision.
Using the first year’s observational data, the DESI collaboration has calculated that the speed of expansion of the universe is increasing at the rate of 68.5 km per second after every 3.26 million light years of expansion.
More interestingly, through these precise measurements, the scientists have found that some of the calculated values are not consistent with current well-established theoretical models, which otherwise describe the universe very well.
Nature of Dark Energy?
It would be the first glimpse into the nature of dark energy, and could lead to entirely new physics.
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क्या हमारे पास ब्रह्मांड का 3d नक्शा है?
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