La peinture naturaliste

Le terme naturalisme a désigné, au cours du XIXe siècle, un mouvement artistique inspiré par l'écrivain français Émile Zola.
Realism in the arts is generally the attempt to represent subject matter truthfully, without artificiality and avoiding speculative fiction and supernatural elements. The term is often used interchangeably with naturalism, even though these terms are not synonymous. Naturalism, as an idea relating to visual representation in Western art, seeks to depict objects with the least possible amount of distortion and is tied to the development of linear perspective and illusionism in Renaissance Europe.

Sources :

Émile Zola - Le Roman expérimental - 1880
Dictionnaire universel de la peinture – Le Robert
Wikipedia the free encyclopedia
Jean Mineraud – Les dessous du visible