The geological structure and climate of Uttar Pradesh are crucial topics for UPPCS Mains GS VI. This video explains UP’s rock systems (Archaean, Vindhyan, Gondwana, Tertiary, Quaternary) and the climate of UP (monsoonal, continental, seasonal variations, impacts). 👉 Watch till the end & Subscribe for the complete UPPCS series.
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📌 What’s Covered in this Class:
Rock Systems of Uttar Pradesh
Archaean Rocks (Bundelkhand) – Granite, gneiss, schist, quartzite; sites: Jhansi, Lalitpur, Mahoba; economic value: granite, pyrophyllite, diaspore, minor gold.
Vindhyan Rocks (Sonbhadra, Mirzapur, Chitrakoot) – Sandstone, shale, limestone; key industries: cement (Mirzapur, Sonbhadra), sandstone (Chunar).
Gondwana Rocks (Sonbhadra-Singrauli) – Coal seams powering thermal industry.
Tertiary Rocks (Tarai–Bhabar belt) – Conglomerates, sandstone, clay; recharge fertile soils & aquifers.
Quaternary Deposits (Indo-Gangetic Plain) – Alluvium (khadar & bhangar); foundation of UP’s agrarian economy.
Climate of Uttar Pradesh
Sub-tropical monsoon type with sharp seasonal contrasts.
Hot summers (up to 47°C in Bundelkhand), cold foggy winters, monsoon-dominated rainfall (85% from SW monsoon).
Regional variation: Humid East (125–200 cm rainfall) vs Semi-arid Bundelkhand (50–75 cm).
Factors: latitude, physiography, Himalayas, monsoon winds, western disturbances, local winds (loo, andhi).
Impact: floods in East UP, drought in Bundelkhand, agriculture dependence on irrigation, frequent fog & cold waves.
Economic & Social Significance
Fertile alluvial soils → UP is India’s largest foodgrain producer.
Coal of Singrauli → industrial backbone.
Climatic diversity → multiple cropping zones, but also vulnerability to floods & droughts.
Climate directly affects agriculture, health, infrastructure, industry, and migration patterns.
FAQs:
Q1: What are the major rock systems in Uttar Pradesh?
Ans: Archaean (Bundelkhand granite), Vindhyan (sandstone & limestone), Gondwana (coal of Singrauli), Tertiary (Tarai conglomerates), and Quaternary (alluvium).
Q2: Why is Singrauli coalfield important?
Ans: It belongs to the Gondwana system and supplies coal for thermal power, making it the backbone of UP’s industrial economy.
Q3: What type of climate does Uttar Pradesh have?
Ans: Sub-tropical monsoon climate with hot summers, cold winters, and monsoon rainfall.
Q4: How does climate affect UP’s agriculture?
Ans: Monsoon rainfall supports paddy; western disturbances help Rabi crops; but irregular rainfall causes floods in East UP and droughts in Bundelkhand.
🔥 This video gives a complete explanation of UP’s Rock Systems & Climate for UPPCS Mains GS VI & Prelims.
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