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What Is a Filter?
A filter is a circuit capable of passing (or amplifying) certain frequencies while attenuating other frequencies. Thus, a filter can extract important frequencies from signals that also contain undesirable or irrelevant frequencies.

In the field of electronics, there are many practical applications for filters.

What is a Filter Capacitor?
A capacitor that is used to filter out a certain frequency otherwise series of frequencies from an electronic circuit is known as the filter capacitor. Generally, a capacitor filters out the signals which have a low frequency. The frequency value of these signals is near to 0Hz, these are also known as DC signals. So this capacitor is used to filter unwanted frequencies. These are very common in different types of equipment like electronics as well as electrical and applicable in different applications.

Choke filter consists of an inductor connected in series with rectifier output circuit and a capacitor connected in parallel with the load resistor. It is also called L-section filter because the inductor and capacitor are connected in the shape of inverted L. The output pulsating DC voltage from a rectifier circuit passes through the inductor or choke coil.

The inductor has low DC resistance and extremely high AC reactance. Thus, ripples get filtered through choke coil. Some of the residual ripples if present in filtered signal from inductor coil will get bypassed through the capacitor. The reason behind this is that capacitor allow AC and block DC.

Pi Filter
Definition: Pi filter consists of a shunt capacitor at the input side, and it is followed by an L-section filter. The output from the rectifier is directly given across capacitor. The pulsating DC output voltage is filtered first by the capacitor connected at the input side and then by choke coil and then by another shunt capacitor.

The construction arrangement of all the components resembles the shape of Greek letter Pi (π). Thus it is called Pi filter. Besides, the capacitor is present at the input side. Thus, it is also called capacitor input filter.