Скачать или смотреть UPSC GS 1 Geography L1B | Geomorphology | Plate Tectonics & Earthquakes

Title: Plate Tectonics & Earthquakes (UPSC GS1 Mains) | Geomorphology Theories, Seismic Zones, CD Theory | L-3
Description: Welcome to Lecture 3 of Geomorphology for UPSC Mains preparation! This session covers the foundational theories of movement, the globally accepted Plate Tectonics theory, and a detailed analysis of earthquakes, crucial topics for GS1 Geography.
Key learning pointers:
• Comprehensive coverage of Geomorphology theories, including Continental Drift Theory (CDT) by Alfred Wegener.
• Analysis of assumptions, supporting arguments (Jigsaw fit, fossils, paleoclimatic proofs), and drawbacks of CDT.
• Understanding the Sea Floor Spreading Theory (Harry Hess) and the role of Convectional Currents (Arthur Holmes).
• Detailed explanation of the Plate Tectonics Theory, recognized as the most accepted theory for explaining endogenic movements.
• Study of the three types of plate boundaries: Divergent (Constructive), Convergent (Destructive), and Transform (Conservative).
• In-depth look at Earthquakes: Focus (Hypocenter), Epicenter, and different wave types (P, S, L, R).
• Analysis of the Shadow Zone phenomenon and how it provided evidence about the Earth's interior, specifically the liquid outer core.
• Comparison of the three key measurement scales: Richter, Mercalli, and the Moment Magnitude Scale.
• Discussion on the global distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes, focusing on the Circum-Pacific Ring of Fire.
• Examination of both negative impacts (e.g., liquefaction, tsunamis, structural collapse) and positive impacts of earthquakes.
• Review of India’s seismic vulnerability, challenges in management (seismic zoning, compliance issues), and mitigation policies (DM Act 2005).
• Special topics covered: Sagiaing Fault (a transform boundary) and the phenomenon of Earthquake Swarms.
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